Racism in America: Small Town 1950s Case Study Documentary Film
Trki, Kody, Cheaty do
Racism in the United States has been a major issue since the colonial era and the slave era. Legally sanctioned racism imposed a heavy burden on Native Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Latin Americans. European Americans (particularly Anglo Americans) were privileged by law in matters of literacy, immigration, voting rights, citizenship, land acquisition, and criminal procedure over periods of time extending from the 17th century to the 1960s. Many non-Protestant European immigrant groups, particularly American Jews, Irish Americans, Italian Americans, as well as other immigrants from elsewhere, suffered xenophobic exclusion and other forms of discrimination in American society. Major racially structured institutions included slavery, Indian Wars, Native American reservations, segregation, residential schools (for Native Americans), and internment camps. Formal racial discrimination was largely banned in the mid-20th century, and came to be perceived as socially unacceptable and/or morally repugnant as well, yet racial politics remain a major phenomenon. Historical racism continues to be reflected in socio-economic inequality. Racial stratification continues to occur in employment, housing, education, lending, and government. The 20th century saw a hardening of institutionalized racism and legal discrimination against citizens of African descent in the United States. Although technically able to vote, poll taxes, acts of terror (often perpetuated by groups such as the Ku Klux Klan, founded in the Reconstruction South), and discriminatory laws such as grandfather clauses kept black Americans disenfranchised particularly in the South but also nationwide following the Hayes election at the end of the Reconstruction era in 1877. In response to de jure racism, protest and lobbyist groups emerged, most notably, the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) in 1909. This time period is sometimes referred to as the nadir of American race relations because racism in the United States was worse during this time than at any period before or since. Segregation, racial discrimination, and expressions of white supremacy all increased. So did anti-black violence, including lynchings and race riots. In addition, racism which had been viewed primarily as a problem in the Southern states, burst onto the national consciousness following the Great Migration, the relocation of millions of African Americans from their roots in the Southern states to the industrial centers of the North after World War I, particularly in cities such as Boston, Chicago, and New York (Harlem). In northern cities, racial tensions exploded, most violently in Chicago, and lynchings--mob-directed hangings, usually racially motivated—increased dramatically in the 1920s. As a member of the Princeton chapter of the NAACP, Albert Einstein corresponded with W. E. B. Du Bois, and in 1946 Einstein called racism America's "worst disease." The Jim Crow Laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965. They mandated "separate but equal" status for black Americans. In reality, this led to treatment and accommodations that were almost always inferior to those provided to white Americans. The most important laws required that public schools, public places and public transportation, like trains and buses, have separate facilities for whites and blacks. (These Jim Crow Laws were separate from the 1800-66 Black Codes, which had restricted the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans.) State-sponsored school segregation was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1954 in Brown v. Board of Education. Generally, the remaining Jim Crow laws were overruled by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act; none were in effect at the end of the 1960s. Segregation continued even after the demise of the Jim Crow laws. Data on house prices and attitudes toward integration from suggest that in the mid-20th century, segregation was a product of collective actions taken by whites to exclude blacks from their neighborhoods. Segregation also took the form of redlining, the practice of denying or increasing the cost of services, such as banking, insurance, access to jobs, access to health care, or even supermarkets to residents in certain, often racially determined, areas. Although in the United States informal discrimination and segregation have always existed, the practice called "redlining" began with the National Housing Act of 1934, which established the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism_in_America
Komentarze
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I now understand racism, because at 70 I have become one. I live on social security and have had to reduce my standard of living. My neighbors are black. The woman next door is loud and mean with a foul mouth. She does not speak English. She speaks Ebonics, I guess. I heard her yesterday yelling to a friend, " I don't want no job. I done got my welfare. "
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I LIVE IN GREEK AND SR LANKAN NEIGHBORHOOD.ALL I SMELL IS BAKLAVA AND CURRY
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I don't know why these white people are questioning integration! Look at how St. Louis, Detroit, Chicago, Memphis, Los Angeles, etc. are now; And they're all integrated. Good job.
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Blacks needed Jim Crow, lynchings, hoses and dogs in order to control them just like Saddam needed to be ruthless to control his radicals in Iraq. Both were considered evil and now look what we have.
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Educated black men and women. Stay in your communities and fix them up so no one else has the opportunity to do so. Raise your boys and girls to build and continue life.
Fuck the people who think like this and ignore them. Stock up on weapons to protect yourself when necessary.
Peace and light to you all. -
Levittown was the town John Wannamaker built for his second family. Allentown was the one he built for his acknowledged family. A dark part of our Pennsylvania history? A man can flaunt his wealth & white power but a Black family can't show their fortitude & desire to rise? That's insanity. We are hypocrites. I applaud the white people who stood strong. Bravo!
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What a shock; Bill O'Reilly's home town. And this would have taken place in his early, formative years...
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Blacks are 13% of the population that commit 52% of murders in America, and this is 50 years after they were given equal )and sometimes preferential rights). Many have their own sub-culture and hate White People, maybe America was a better place back then.
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whats wrong with minorities like blacks , Asians , south Asians , Latinos , native Americans , Polynesians , Melanesians and mixed people
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We don't need to call out racism, sexism, homophobia....we only need to dig up the videos, find the sources with them speaking for themselves and let them see their own words in the light of context.
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So the black guy served in the army during World War II yet he still was not welcome to live where ever he chose because he is black? Yep that's America for you and it was the same way for native Americans.
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unfortunately there are some whites who continue to be racist. not all whites are the same. I've met some "whites" who are sweet caring people.
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Well, there goes the neighborhood!
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The subtitles are way off.
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It would be incredibly interesting if someone could track the people portrayed here (the few that are still alive if any) and see what they think now.
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Integration failed.